fu ampliata intaccando il banco di tufo sottostante, venne dotata di una nuova facciata, e fu decorata con affeschi. ma restauri consistenti furono effettuati durante l'età flavia, quando la domus perse lo schema assiale fauces-atrium-tablinum all'inizio del III secolo d.C. La fase originaria risale al I secolo a.C. E’ stato possibile ricostruire i suoi tre piani inferiori grazie al rilievo delle strutture superstiti, integrato con alcuni disegni dell'archivio del Vittoriano. La domus fu interrata durante la costruzione della basilica di Santa Maria in Aracoeli nel XIII secolo e fu riscoperta intorno al 1980. Il presente articolo ha come oggetto una domus aristocratica situata sull'Arx, la parte settentrionale del Campidoglio, al di sopra della meglio conosciuta insula dell'Aracoeli. I discuss the development and the architectural design of the domus of the Aracoeli, including its underground residential spaces as well as its sculptural and painted decoration finally, I examine the remodellings of the original atrium house from a socio-cultural point of view.
Although the Capitoline was mostly occupied by public buildings, the Arx was a prestigious neighbourhood and not a sort of monumental acropolis. The domus of the Aracoeli must have been a residence of high status, and in the Severan age it was supplied by lead pipes bearing imperial stamps. The original phase dates from the first century BC, but substantial restorations were made during the Flavian age, when the domus lost its fauces–atrium–tablinum pattern, and in the early third century AD, when it was expanded vertically by a deep cut into the tuff bank, received a new facade and was redecorated with frescoes. I have reconstructed its layout - at least three levels survive - relying on my architectural survey and on the Vittoriano archives. This domus was buried during the construction of the basilica of Santa Maria in Aracoeli in the thirteenth century and remained sealed until the 1980s. This could include a writing table as well as examples of strong boxes as are evident in some contexts in Pompeii.This article investigates an aristocratic domus located on the Arx, overlooking the better-known insula of the Aracoeli from the northern summit of the Capitoline hill. The tablinum, often at the rear of the atrium, is usually a square chamber that would have been furnished with the paraphernalia of the paterfamilias and his business interests. 7 in the diagram above), and the office of the paterfamilias, known as the tablinum (no. 8 in the diagram above), side rooms or wings ( alae-no. Communicating with the atrium might be bed chambers ( cubicula-no. The corner of the room might sport the household shrine ( lararium) and the funeral masks of the family’s dead ancestors might be kept in small cabinets in the atrium. Given that the atrium was a room where invited guests and clients would wait and spend time, it was also the room on which the house owner would lavish attention and funds in order to make sure the room was well appointed with decorations. That doorway would be watched, in wealthier houses, by a doorman ( ianitor). 1 in the diagram above), a narrow entry passageway that communicated with the street. Those clients would enter the atrium from the fauces (no. The male head-of-household ( paterfamilias) would receive his clients on business days in the atrium, in which case it functioned as a sort of waiting room for business appointments. As the main room in the public part of the house ( pars urbana), the atrium was the center of the house’s social and political life. In the classic layout of the Roman domus, the atrium served as the focus of the entire house plan.
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